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The 1915 Iowa State Census is a unique document. It was the first census in the United States to include information on education and income prior to the United States Federal Census of 1940. It contains considerable detail on other aspects of individuals and households, e.g., religion, wealth and years in the United States and Iowa. The Iowa State Census of 1915 was a complete sample of the residents of the state and the returns were written by census takers (assessors) on index cards. These cards were kept in the Iowa State Archives in Des Moines and were microfilmed in 1986 by the Genealogical Society of Salt Lake City. The census cards were sorted by county, although large cities (those having more than 25,000 residents) were grouped separately. Within each county or large city, records were alphabetized by last name and within last name by first name. This data set includes individual-level records for three of the largest Iowa cities (Des Moines, Dubuque, and Davenport; the Sioux City films were unreadable) and for ten counties that did not contain a large city. (Additional details on sample selection are available in the documentation). Variables include name, age, place of residence, earnings, education, birthplace, religion, marital status, race, occupation, military service, among others. Data on familial ties between records are also included.

AmeriStat is a search engine developed by the Population Reference Bureau in partnership with the Social Science Data Analysis Network (SSDAN). AmeriStat searches large data files from a range of sources, including the 2000 Census and the Census Bureau's monthly Current Population Surveys, to give the user instant summaries, in text and graphics, of the demographic characteristics of the U.S. population. AmeriStat covers 13 topics: (1) 2000 Census, (2) children, (3) education, (4) labor and employment, (5) fertility, (6) foreign-born, (7) income and poverty, (8) marriage and family, (9) migration, (10) mortality, (11) older population, (12) estimates and projections, and (13) race and ethnicity. For each of the topics, data are shown, whenever possible, for five-year data points going back to 1970. Single-year data are shown for more recent years, with special coverage of the 2000 Census. Search results also yield links to other Web sites for additional, more detailed information.

The objectives of the 1994 Bicol Multipurpose Survey, which were similar to those of the BICOL MULTIPURPOSE SURVEY (BMS), 1978: [PHILIPPINES] (ICPSR 6878) and the 1983 BMS (ICPSR 6889), were to gather information on income, earnings, mobility, fertility, farm production, and health from the residents of the Bicol Region in the Philippines. Households in the province of Camarines Sur were surveyed, with a primary focus on household characteristics, adult and child health, value and income of assets or properties, expenditures on education and liabilities, income such as cash and in-kind transfers, and income from household members not residing in the household, along with agricultural production of rice and other crops. Information about the barangay (a barangay is a political subdivision equivalent to a village in rural areas and to a neighborhood in urban areas) in which the household was located includes environmental sanitation, availability of community services, and cost for community services or family planning. Data regarding successor households (households where the children had taken over the management and supervision of family assets) were examined, along with intergenerational income mobility data (the impact of parental income and investments on children).

In the early 1990s, researchers at Georgetown University, Pennsylvania State University, and the University of Utah proposed a five-year longitudinal study of female reproductive aging that would include the collection of hormonal, menstrual cycle, and health data from a group of women in order to advance the current understanding of the transition through menopause. The women selected for the BIMORA project were a subset of women belonging to the Tremin Research Program on Women's Health (TREMIN), a longitudinal, prospective study of menstrual cycles and female reproductive health that was begun in the 1930s by Dr. Alan Treloar at the University of Minnesota. As part of the TREMIN study, women recorded their menstrual cycles on calendar cards and were also asked to fill out annual and later biannual health surveys. The first cohort of women was recruited in the 1930s when many of them were attending the University of Minnesota. Some of their daughters, along with additional women, were recruited in the 1960s as part of a second cohort. Recruitment continued after the second cohort, and a total of 156 TREMIN women participated in the five-year BIMORA project. At the beginning of the study, they ranged in age from 25 to 58 years of age and many were from the second TREMIN cohort. Women could not be using exogenous hormones and had to have at least one intact ovary. The participating women had TREMIN data going back as far as the early 1960s, and they continued sending menstrual bleeding and health data to TREMIN during the BIMORA project. In addition, from January 15 to July 14 in each of the five years of the BIMORA project, participants collected daily urine specimens and made a daily record of medication use, health conditions, and menstrual bleeding. These data were analyzed in the BIMORA laboratory. The urine specimens were assayed for urinary conjugates of estrogen, progesterone, LH, and FSH. The TREMIN data and laboratory data were then merged into a single dataset.

Cape Area Panel Study (CAPS) is a longitudinal study of the lives of 4,800 young adults in Cape Town, South Africa. The Wave I sample was a representative sample of young people who were age 14 to 22 in 2002. In addition to interviews with these young people, the survey included information on all household members, non-resident children of household members, and non-resident parents and grandparents of the young adults. The Wave I survey covered topics such as school, work, health, sexual activity, and fertility, including an extensive life history calendar.

This collection contains standard data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and over. Also supplied are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Spanish origin. In addition, supplemental data pertaining to fertility and birth expectations are included in this file. Data are presented for females ages 14 to 59 on marital status, date of first marriage, number of children ever born, and date of birth of the most recent child born. Currently married females ages 14 to 40 were also queried regarding the number of additional children they expect to have within the next five years.

This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force data for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. Additional data are available concerning weeks worked and hours per week worked, reason not working full-time, total income, and income components, and residence. For this supplement, a battery of questions was asked of all women to obtain information on their childbirth history. Data cover dates of first and most recent marriages, number of children born, and date of birth and sex of those children. Women 14-39 years old were asked about the number of additional children women they expected to have. Information on demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, race, martial status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin, is available for each person in the household enumerated. There are approximately 138 variables dealing with demographics, and approximately 109 variables dealing with fertility.

This survey gathered information on labor force activity, fertility, birth expectations, and other personal characteristics including age, sex, race, marital status, family income, type of dwelling unit, veteran status, relationship to the head of the household, education, and Spanish origin. The following labor force characteristics of employed persons are reported for the week immediately preceding the survey: occupation, industry, total number of hours worked, overtime hours worked, reasons for working less than 35 hours, reasons causing temporary absence from work, the number of work hours missed because of temporary absence, and whether or not wages or salary were received for the hours missed. Labor force characteristics of unemployed persons include the date, occupation, and industry of the job last held, methods used to search for a job during the last four weeks, reasons why a job was sought, the number of weeks spent looking for a job, and whether a full-time or a part-time job was sought. Work-related information on persons not in the labor force includes reasons for not looking for work, reasons for leaving the last job, length of time since a job was last sought, whether or not a job was desired at the time of the survey, and whether or not the individual intended to seek a job during the next 12 months. Questions on birth expectations asked married but not separated women 14 to 39 years old and widowed, divorced, separated, or never married women 18 to 34 years old how many more children they expected to have during their lifetime and within the next five years. The survey also collected the following information on never married females ages 18 to 59 and ever married females ages 14 to 59: year and month of first marriage, number of children ever born, month and year in which the most recent child was born, number of children ever born less than five years of age, and the number of own children living in the household.

This collection contains standard data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and over. Also supplied are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Spanish origin. In addition, supplemental data pertaining to birth history, birth expectations, and child care arrangements are included in this file. Data on birth history were collected for unmarried women ages 18-49 and for married women ages 14-49 and include variables such as total number of children ever born, dates of birth of the first and most recent child, and date of first marriage. Questions on birth expectations, asked of unmarried women ages 18-44 and currently married women ages 14-44, included number of children they expect to have and ages of all children living in the household. Currently married women were asked the number of children they expect to have within the next five years and when they expected their first/next child to be born within the next five years. Questions on child care arrangements were asked of all currently employed women ages 18-44 with a child under the age of five living in the household. Data are provided on child care arrangements for the two youngest children and include items such as whether regular day care arrangements are made, location of day care facility, who provides and pays for care, and types of activities occupying the mother while day care is provided. Respondents were also asked whether they would work more hours or have more children if they could make additional child care arrangements at a reasonable cost.

This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force data for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. Additional data are available concerning weeks worked and hours per week worked, reason not working full-time, total income and income components, and residence. For this supplement, a battery of questions was asked of women 14-59 years old to obtain information on their childbearing history. Data include the total number of children born, date of birth of the first and the most recent child(ren), and date of first marriage. Women 18-34 years old were asked about the number of additional children they expected to have, and the number they expected to have within the next five years. Data for husbands include age, race, education, employment status, and occupation. Information on demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin, is available for each person in the household enumerated.

This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force information for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. This supplement covers three topical areas: marital history, fertility history, and birth expectations. Data on marital history is provided for up to three marriages, the first two and the most recent marriage. All respondents aged 15-75 who had ever been married were asked to provide date of marriage, date marriage ended in widowhood or divorce, and for marriages ending in divorce, the date of separation. Men in their second or later marriage or who were widowed, divorced, or separated were asked about children living elsewhere who they supported. Questions about fertility history were asked of all women ages 18-75 and women 15-18, who had ever been married. Data are provided on the number of liveborn children including date of birth, sex, and current residence. Items of birth expectations include the number of children women aged 18-39 expected to have. Information on demographic characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin, is available for each person in the household enumerated.

This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force data for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. Additional data are available concerning weeks worked and hours per week worked, reason not working full-time, total income and income components, and residence. For this supplement, a battery of questions was asked of women 15-59 years old to obtain information on their childbearing history. Data include the total number of children born, date of birth of the first and most recent child(ren), and date of first marriage. Women 18-44 years old were also asked about the number of additional children they expected to have. Information on demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, race, martial status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin, is available for each person in the household enumerated.

This data collection supplies standard monthly labor force data for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive information is given on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and older. Additional data are available concerning weeks worked and hours per week worked, reason not working full-time, total income and income components, and residence. For this supplement, a battery of questions was asked of women 15-54 years old to obtain information on their childbirth history. Data include the total number of children born, date of birth of the most recent child(ren), and date of the first marriage. Women 18-44 years old were also asked about the number of additional children they expected to have. Information on demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin, is available for each person in the household enumerated.

This collection provides data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and over. Also included are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Spanish origin. In addition, data pertaining to marital history and fertility are included in the file. Men who were ever married (currently widowed, divorced, separated, or married) aged 15 and over were asked the number of times married and if the first marriage ended in widowhood or divorce. Ever married women aged 15 and over were asked the number of times married, date of marriage, date of widowhood or divorce, and if divorced the date of separation of the household for as many as three marriages. Questions on fertility were asked of ever married women 15 years and over and never married women 18 years and over. These questions included number of liveborn children, and date of birth, sex, and current residence for as many as five children. In addition, women between the ages of 18 and 39 were asked how many children they expect to have during their remaining childbearing years.

This collection contains standard data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and over. Also supplied are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Spanish origin. In addition, supplemental data pertaining to immigration, fertility, and birth expectations are included in this file. The immigration questions, which were asked of all respondents, specify country of birth for the sample person and his or her parents. For those not born within the United States or its outlying areas, questions regarding citizenship and year of immigration were asked. Data are also presented for females age 18 to 44 on date of first marriage, number of liveborn children, and date of birth of youngest and oldest children. Women age 18 to 34 were questioned on the number of children they expected to have during their remaining childbearing years.

This dataset provides information on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and over. Also shown are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Spanish origin. In addition, data pertaining to date of first marriage, fertility, and birth expectations are included in the file. Date of first marriage was asked of all women 18-44 years old who were ever married. Questions determining the number of live born children and date of birth of youngest and oldest children were asked of women 18-44 years old. Women 18-39 years old were also asked about their expectations of having children.

This collection contains standard data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and over. Also supplied are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Spanish origin. In addition, supplemental data pertaining to immigration, fertility, and birth expectations are included in this file. Data are presented for females ages 18 to 44 on date of first marriage, number of liveborn children, and date of birth of youngest and oldest children. Women age 18 to 34 were questioned on the number of children they expected to have during their remaining childbearing years. The immigration questions, which were asked of all respondents, specify country of birth for the sample person and his or her parents. For those not born within the United States or its outlying areas, questions regarding citizenship and year of immigration were asked.

This collection contains standard data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and over. Also supplied are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Spanish origin. In addition, supplemental data pertaining to date of first marriage, fertility, birth expectations, and marital history are included in this file. Data are presented for females, aged 18 to 44, on date of first marriage, number of liveborn children, and date of birth of youngest and oldest children. Women aged 18 to 39 also were questioned on the number of children they expected to have during their remaining childbearing years.

This collection contains standard data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 15 years old and over. Also supplied are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin. In addition, supplemental data pertaining to fertility and birth expectations are included in this file. Data are presented for females, aged 15 to 44, on date of first marriage, number of liveborn children, and date of birth of youngest and oldest children. Women aged 18 to 39 also were questioned on the number of children they expected to have during their remaining childbearing years.

This data collection contains standard data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 15 years old and over. Also supplied are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin. In addition, supplemental data pertaining to fertility are included in this file. Data are presented for females aged 15 to 44 on date of first marriage, number of liveborn children, and date of birth of youngest and oldest children. Data for the respondent's spouse include age, armed forces status, citizenship, labor force status, educational attainment, nativity, origin/descent, race, and year of arrival in the United States.

This data collection contains standard data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 15 years old and over. Also supplied are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin. In addition, supplemental data pertaining to fertility and marital history are included in the file. Data are presented for females aged 15 to 44 regarding date of first marriage, if ever married, number of liveborn children, and date of birth of youngest and oldest children.

This collection provides data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 15 years old and over. Also shown are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin. In addition, data pertaining to fertility and birth expectations are included. Fertility supplement questions were asked of all female civilian household members 15-44 years old. Questions determining the number of live-born children and date of birth of the youngest child were asked of women 15-44 years old. Questions concerning birth expectations were asked of women 18-39 years old.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the June 2000 CPS questionnaire on the topic of Fertility. The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population, 15 years old and older, living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey. All females 15-44 years old that were eligible for the basic CPS survey were also eligible for the supplement survey, as applicable. Self or proxy responses were allowed for the supplement, that is a single respondent could provide answers for themselves or provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent him/herself was a household member 15 years of age or older. Questions determining the number of live births, date of the last child's birth, and the age of women (in months) at the time of the birth of their last child were asked of the eligible women. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational background, occupation, industry, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the June 2002 CPS questionnaire on the topic of Fertility. The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population, 15 years old and older, living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey. All females 15-44 years old that were eligible for the basic CPS survey were also eligible for the supplement survey, as applicable. Self or proxy responses were allowed for the supplement, that is, a single respondent could provide answers for themselves or provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent him/herself was a household member 15 years of age or older. Questions determining the number of live births, date of the last child's birth, and the age of women (in months) at the time of the birth of their last child were asked of the eligible women. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational background, occupation, industry, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the June 2004 CPS questionnaire on the topic of Fertility. The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population, 15 years old and older, living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey. All females 15-44 years old that were eligible for the basic CPS survey were also eligible for the supplement survey, as applicable. Self or proxy responses were allowed for the supplement, that is, a single respondent could provide answers for themselves or provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent him/herself was a household member 15 years of age or older. Questions determining the number of live births, date of the last child's birth, and the age of women (in months) at the time of the birth of their last child were asked of the eligible women. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational background, occupation, industry, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the June 2006 CPS questionnaire on the topic of Fertility. The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population, 15 years old and older, living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey. All females 15-44 years old that were eligible for the basic CPS survey were also eligible for the supplement survey, as applicable. Self or proxy responses were allowed for the supplement, that is, a single respondent could provide answers for themselves or provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent him/herself was a household member 15 years of age or older. Questions determining the number of live births, date of the last child's birth, and the age of women (in months) at the time of the birth of their last child were asked of the eligible women. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational background, occupation, industry, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the June 2008 CPS questionnaire on the topic of Fertility. The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey. All females 15-44 years old that were eligible for the basic CPS survey were also eligible for the supplement survey, as applicable. Self or proxy responses were allowed for the supplement, that is a single respondent could provide answers for themselves or provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent him/herself was a household member 15 years of age or older. Questions determining the number of live births, date of the last child's birth, and the age of women (in months) at the time of the birth of their last child were asked of the eligible women. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational background, occupation, industry, and income.

This data collection is comprised of responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the June 2010 CPS questionnaire on the topic of Fertility. The CPS, administered monthly, collects labor force data about the civilian noninstitutional population living in the United States. Moreover, the CPS provides current estimates of the economic status and activities of this population which includes estimates of total employment (both farm and nonfarm), nonfarm self-employed persons, domestics, and unpaid helpers in nonfarm family enterprises, wage and salaried employees, and estimates of total unemployment. Data from the CPS are provided for the week prior to the administration of the survey. All females aged 15-44 years that were eligible for the basic CPS survey were also eligible for the supplement survey, as applicable. Self or proxy responses were allowed for the supplement, that is, a single respondent could provide answers for themselves or provide answers for all eligible household members, provided the respondent him/herself was a household member 15 years of age or older. Questions determining the number of live births, date of the last child's birth, and the age of women (in months) at the time of the birth of their last child were asked of the eligible women. Demographic variables include age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, veteran status, educational background, occupation, industry, and income.

The Detroit Area Study is an ongoing series of surveys conducted by the Department of Sociology at the University of Michigan. These surveys serve two purposes: to provide useful survey information about various population characteristics and social issues selected as topics by principal investigators, and to provide actual survey research experience for graduate students. In the 1978 survey, 650 Detroit-area women were personally interviewed about their families. Items included questions on sex-role attitudes, ideal family size, and patterns of decision-making. Extensive occupational and fertility histories were also collected.

For this survey, respondents from three counties in the Detroit, Michigan, area were queried about their work, health, marriage and family, finances, political views, religion, and child rearing. With respect to finances, respondent views were elicited on credit card purchases, recording expenditures, and savings and investments. Regarding political views, respondents were questioned about political preferences, presidential values, freedom of speech, nuclear war, and the interest of public officials. Questions also addressed religious beliefs and experiences, including the religiosity of respondents' parents, belief in and relationship with God, the relationship between science and religion, school prayer, divorce, and homosexuality. Additional religious questions -- based on the respondents' religious preference (i.e., Protestant, Catholic, Jew, Other Religion, or No Preference/Agnostic/Atheist Only) -- also were asked, covering topics such as interfaith marriages, religion of friends, and observance of religious holy days. Questions were asked about the views of respondents' religious leaders on issues including drinking, abortion, and test-tube fertilization. Regarding child rearing, views were elicited on issues including religious preference of child(ren) raised, religious training given to child(ren), and frequency of prayer before meals. Background information includes marital status, employment, political orientation, and income.

Lee A. Lillard, director of the Retirement Research Center at the University of Michigan, senior research scientist at its Institute for Social Research, and professor of economics, developed a unique method for analyzing the rich compendium of data collected by the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) since its inception in 1968. Lee died in December 2000, and his colleagues at PSID decided to provide the fruits of his work to the research community so others might benefit from an exploration of his techniques and methodologies for analyzing data. Lee created what he called "clean processes" to investigate a number of dynamic behaviors that are measured longitudinally in PSID, such as employment, marriage-divorce, and fertility. He and his programmers and research assistants put these processes into a consistent framework, and made decisions about how to resolve inconsistencies, missing items, etc. Data from the files can be entered, as appropriate, in dynamic econometric models of related and mutually causal processes: for instance, the relationships among marriage, fertility, and female labor supply. Thus, researchers can study various combinations of these behaviors without having to go through complex file creation for each project.

This dataset was produced in the 1990s by Myron Gutmann and others at the University of Texas to assess demographic change in European- and Mexican-origin populations in Texas from the mid-nineteenth to early-twentieth centuries. Most of the data come from manuscript records for six rural Texas counties - Angelina, DeWitt, Gillespie, Jack, Red River, and Webb - for the U.S. Censuses of 1850-1880 and 1900-1910, and tax records where available. Together, the populations of these counties reflect the cultural, ethnic, economic, and ecological diversity of rural Texas. Red River and Angelina Counties, in Eastern Texas, had largely native-born white and black populations and cotton economies. DeWitt County in Southeast Texas had the most diverse population, including European and Mexican immigrants as well as native-born white and black Americans, and its economy was divided between cotton and cattle. The population of Webb County, on the Mexican border, was almost entirely of Mexican origin, and economic activities included transportation services as well as cattle ranching. Gillespie County in Central Texas had a mostly European immigrant population and an economy devoted to cropping and livestock. Jack County in North-Central Texas was sparsely populated, mainly by native-born white cattle ranchers. These counties were selected to over-represent the European and Mexican immigrant populations. Slave schedules were not included, so there are no African Americans in the samples for 1850 or 1860. In some years and counties, the Census records were sub-sampled, using a letter-based sample with the family as the primary sampling unit (families were chosen if the surname of the head began with one of the sample letters for the county). In other counties and years, complete populations were transcribed from the Census microfilms. For details and sample sizes by county, see the County table in the Original P.I. Documentation section of the ICPSR Codebook, or see Gutmann, Myron P. and Kenneth H. Fliess, How to Study Southern Demography in the Nineteenth Century: Early Lessons of the Texas Demography Project (Austin: Texas Population Research Center Papers, no. 11.11, 1989).

This dataset focuses on economic, social, and geographic mobility of town residents, and life events (marriage, birth and mortality). Church records supplemented with genealogies, wills, inventories, probate records, cemetery data, town books, court books, censuses, and tax lists were used to reconstitute families along the lines of previous French and English work (e.g. Fleury, M. and L. Henry, Nouveau manuel de dépouillement et d'exploitation de l'état civil ancient (1965) and Wrigley, E.A, "Family Reconstitution" in E.A. Wrigley, ed. An Introduction to English Historical Demography (1966). Family reconstitution is a method for studying demographic behavior in the absence of modern censuses and vital registration, providing for both observation of demographic events, as well as the population and time at risk. This dataset includes information about 202 couples and their 1094 children. The data on couples focus on demographic details for mothers and fathers, including birth, baptism, marriage and death dates, residence and religion. The data on children includes demographic information for the child, as well as marriage age and residence. Not all families have complete information.

The First Baby Study (FBS) was a prospective cohort study designed to investigate the association between mode of delivery at first childbirth (cesarean or vaginal) and subsequent fecundity and fertility over the course of a 3-year follow-up period. Women were enrolled during pregnancy and interviewed by telephone in their third trimester. Enrolled participants were followed-up with and surveyed at 1, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months postpartum. Participants were enrolled in 2009 to 2011 and the last interview was conducted in 2014.

The First Malaysian Family Life Survey, 1976-1977 (MFLS-1), was conducted in Peninsular Malaysia as a retrospective life history survey of 1,262 households containing an ever-married woman aged 50 or younger. Full life histories were collected through personal interviews with these women and their husbands regarding fertility-related events, marriage, employment, migration, income and wealth, attitudes and expectations with respect to family size and composition, community characteristics, time allocation, and transfers of goods, help, and money between the respondents and others. The survey collected data in three separate rounds held at four-month intervals. The majority of the survey was administered in Round 1, while the second and third rounds collected data on new questions not asked in Round 1 and also updated some of the Round 1 data, most notably the work and pregnancy histories. In October 1981, the individual-level dataset (Part 142) was created, consisting of one fixed-length record per individual per household. Variables included at both the individual and household levels provide information on demographics, time allocation, and income and wealth. Due to processing constraints, most of the retrospective data have been omitted from the individual-level dataset.

The data are drawn from 28 families who were the first permanent European settlers in Andover, Massachusetts, and their progeny for three generations, reconstituted by Philip J. Greven for his PhD dissertation, Four Generations: A Study of Family Structure, Inheritance, and Mobility in Andover, Massachusetts, 1630-1750 (Harvard University, 1965). Greven used manuscript records of vital events, printed volumes of vital records, and published genealogies, supplemented with municipal and church records, gravestones, court records, and family records, following the methods developed in previous French and English work (e.g. Fleury, M. and L. Henry, Nouveau manuel de dépouillement et d'exploitation de l'état civil ancient (1965) and Wrigley, E.A, "Family Reconstitution," in E.A. Wrigley, ed. An Introduction to English Historical Demography (1966). Family reconstitution is a method for studying demographic behavior in the absence of modern censuses and vital registration, providing for both observation of demographic events as well as the population and time at risk. The data were collected to study population, land and the family for four generations in Andover, Massachusetts during the 17th and 18th centuries. The data include information on 455 marriages and 2,727 children, some of whom also appear as adults in the marriage records. The data on couples focus on demographic details for mothers and fathers, including birth, baptism, marriage, and death dates, and residence. The data on children include demographic information for the child, as well as their own marriages. Not all families have complete information. Greven's original Family Reconstitution Records were transcribed at ICPSR.

The Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS, formerly known as the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study) follows a cohort of nearly 5,000 children born in large, U.S. cities between 1998 and 2000. The study oversampled births to unmarried couples; and, when weighted, the data are representative of births in large U.S. cities at the turn of the century. The FFCWS was originally designed to address four questions of great interest to researchers and policy makers: What are the conditions and capabilities of unmarried parents, especially fathers? What is the nature of the relationships between unmarried parents? How do children born into these families fare? How do policies and environmental conditions affect families and children? The FFCWS consists of interviews with mothers, fathers, and/or primary caregivers at birth and again when children are ages 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, and 22. The parent interviews collected information on attitudes, relationships, parenting behavior, demographic characteristics, health (mental and physical), economic and employment status, neighborhood characteristics, and program participation. Beginning at age 9, children were interviewed directly (either during the home visit or on the telephone). The direct child interviews collected data on family relationships, home routines, schools, peers, and physical and mental health, as well as health behaviors. A collaborative study of the FFCWS, the In-Home Longitudinal Study of Pre-School Aged Children (In-Home Study) collected data from a subset of the FFCWS Core respondents at the Year 3 and 5 follow-ups to ask how parental resources in the form of parental presence or absence, time, and money influence children under the age of 5. The In-Home Study collected information on a variety of domains of the child's environment, including: the physical environment (quality of housing, nutrition and food security, health care, adequacy of clothing and supervision) and parenting (parental discipline, parental attachment, and cognitive stimulation). In addition, the In-Home Study also collected information on several important child outcomes, including anthropometrics, child behaviors, and cognitive ability. This information was collected through interviews with the child's primary caregiver, and direct observation of the child's home environment and the child's interactions with his or her caregiver. Similar activities were conducted during the Year 9 follow-up. At the Year 15 follow-up, a condensed set of home visit activities were conducted with a subsample of approximately 1,000 teens. Teens who participated in the In-Home Study were also invited to participate in a Sleep Study and were asked to wear an accelerometer on their non-dominant wrist for seven consecutive days to track their sleep (Sleep Actigraphy Data) and that day's behaviors and mood (Daily Sleep Actigraphy and Diary Survey Data). An additional collaborative study collected data from the child care provider (Year 3) and teacher (Years 9 and 15) through mail-based surveys. Saliva samples were collected at Year 9 and 15 (Biomarker file and Polygenic Scores). The Study of Adolescent Neural Development (SAND) COVID Study began data collection in May 2020 following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. It included online surveys with the young adult and their primary caregiver. The FFCWS began, its seventh wave of data collection in October 2020, around the focal child's 22nd birthday. Data collection and interviews continued through January 2024. The Year 22 wave included a young adult (YA) survey with the original focal child and a primary caregiver (PCG) survey. Data were also collected on the children of the original focal child (referred to as Generation 3, or G3). Documentation for these files is available on the FFCWS website located here. For details of updates made to the FFCWS data files, please see the project's Data Alerts page. Data collection for the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers R01HD36916, R01HD39135, and R01HD40421, as well as a consortium of private foundations.

The Ghana Population, Consumption, and Environment Survey (or Ghana-PCE Survey) was conducted in 2002 in collaboration with investigators at the University of Science and Technology (Kumasi) and the University of Cape Coast. The survey was designed to examine the social and demographic processes that are closely linked to health and environmental health risks, and how these in turn influence local thinking about environmental issues. The 2002 Ghana-PCE Survey collected information on women's birth histories (birth dataset), occupations and events over the respondent's lifetime (men's and women's calendar datasets), and the health of respondents' children who were at or under 6 years of age (children dataset). Additionally, information was collected on the availability of services such as electricity and drinking water, economic conditions, and perceived necessity of developmental programs (community dataset), as well as the availability of services such as waste disposal, the size of households, and the materials used in construction of houses (household dataset). Respondents' were also asked about voting behavior, community organization membership, public health practices, knowledge of illnesses in children, prevention and treatment of diseases, family planning, and environmental attitudes and awareness (individual dataset). Demographic information collected includes age, sex, occupation, birth region, languages spoken, ethnicity, marital status, residence ownership, religion, and education.

The 1955 Growth of American Families survey was the first in a series of surveys (later becoming the National Fertility Survey) that measured women's attitudes on various topics related to fertility and family planning. The sample was composed of 2,713 married women aged 18-39 living in the United States. The survey included the following main subjects: residence history, marital history, education, income, occupation and employment, religiosity, family background, attitude toward contraception, contraception use, pregnancies and births, fecundity, opinions on childbearing and rearing, and fertility expectations. Respondents were asked questions pertaining to their residence history, including if they owned or rented their home, and if they lived on a farm. A series of questions also dealt with the respondents' marital history, including when they first married and the month and year of subsequent marriages. Respondents were also asked to describe the level of education they had attained and that of their husbands. Respondents were also asked to give information with respect to income, both individual and household, and if their financial situation was better now compared to five years ago. Respondents were queried on their occupation, specifically on what exactly they did and in what kind of business. Similar questions were asked about their husbands' occupations. Also, they were asked what their reasons were for working. The survey sought information about the respondents' religious affiliation and with what frequency they attended church. Respondents were asked how many brothers and sisters they had as well as their attitude about the number of siblings in their household. Also included was a series of questions regarding the respondents' attitudes toward family planning. Respondents were asked if they and their husband thought it was acceptable for couples to use contraceptives to limit the size of their family. They were also queried about what specific methods of contraception they had used in the past, and after which pregnancy they started using a particular method. Respondents were asked whether they or their husband had had surgery to make them sterile and if there was any other reason to believe that they could not have children. Respondents were also asked if they thought raising a family was easier or harder now than when they were a child. Respondents were also asked what they believed was the ideal number of children for the average American family and what the ideal number of children would be, if at age 45, they could start their married life over. Other questions addressed how many children respondents expected to have before their family was completed and their reason for not wanting more or less than that number. Each respondent was also asked when she expected her next child.

The 1960 Growth of American Families survey was the second in a series of two surveys that measured women's attitudes on various topics relating to fertility and family planning for 3,256 currently married White women aged 18-44 living in private households, previously married White women aged 23-44, who were married and living with their husband in 1960, and currently married non-White women aged 18-39, living with their husband. Main topics in the survey included residence history, marital history, education, employment and income, parent's characteristics, religiosity, siblings, attitude towards contraception, past use of contraceptives, fertility history, fecundity, attitudes and opinions on childbearing and rearing, desired family size, fertility intentions, and fertility expectations. Respondent's were asked to give detailed information pertaining to their residence history dating back to their birth. They were also asked if they ever lived on a farm. Respondents were also queried on their marital history, specifically, when their marriage(s) took place, ended, and how they ended. Respondents were asked to report their level of education, if they ever attended a school or college that belonged to a church or a religious group, and if so, what specific church or religious group. Respondents were also queried about their employment and income. Specifically, they were asked to report their own and their husband's occupation and industry. They were also queried on whether they worked between their pregnancies and if the work was part-time or full-time. They were asked to state their total family income and their husband's earnings. Characteristics of the respondent's parents were also asked for including nationality, occupation while respondent was growing up, and religious preference. Respondent's religiosity was also explored with questions about religious activities in their daily lives, as well as her own and her husband's religious preferences. Respondents were asked if they had attended Sunday school as a child and if their children currently attended Sunday school. Respondents were asked how many brothers and sisters they had while growing up as well as their attitude on the number of siblings in their household. Their attitude toward contraception was measured with questions that asked if it would be okay if couples did something to limit the number of pregnancies they had or to control the time when they get pregnant. They were also asked if they approved of couples using the rhythm method to keep from getting pregnant. They were also queried on what specific types of contraception they had used in the past and between pregnancies. Furthermore, they were asked if they ever used methods together. Fecundity was also explored with questions about whether they or their husband had had treatments or an operation that made them sterile. Respondents were also asked what they thought was the ideal number of children for the average American family. Desired family size was queried in a number of other ways including the number of children the respondent and her husband wanted before marriage, how many children the respondent wanted a year after the first child was born, and how many children the respondent expected in all.

The Guatemalan Survey of Family Health (EGSF) was undertaken to investigate the health of children under the age of five and women during pregnancy and childbirth residing in 60 communities within the departments (geopolitical units) of Chimaltenango, Suchitepequez, Totonicapan, and Jalapa in Guatemala. Data were collected at the household, individual, and community levels to gain an in-depth understanding of the way residents in these rural populations think about their health, treatment, and family relations. Data at the household level (Parts 1-5, 90-92) provide information on household members, relation to household head, age, education, and language used. The individual-level data (Parts 6-37) describe the respondent's background, marital/relationship history, social ties and social support, and economic status, along with health beliefs, a complete birth history, knowledge and use of contraception, health problems and treatment during the last two pregnancies, and anthropometry on mothers and children. Extensive data were gathered regarding the health problems and treatment for each of the two youngest children born since January 1990, with particular focus on diarrhea and respiratory infections. The community data (Parts 41-60) supply information gathered from three knowledgeable individuals called "key informants" about occupations in the community, crops grown, wages, utilities and community services, and the history of the community. Parts 61-89 contain information regarding Health Posts (health care centers) through interviews conducted with key informants, doctors (Parts 72-80), and other health service providers (Parts 81-89), including traditional providers such as curers, midwives, and bone setters, regarding their practices, patients, referrals, fees, payment, and the use of specific treatments.

The data are families in Hingham, Massachusetts, reconstituted by Daniel Scott Smith for his PhD dissertation from printed genealogies, vital, church and tax records, and censuses, along the lines of previous French and English work (e.g. Fleury, M. and L. Henry, Nouveau manuel de depouillement et d'exploitation de l'etat civil ancien (1965) and Wrigley, E.A, "Family Reconstitution," in E.A. Wrigley, ed. An Introduction to English Historical Demography (1966)). Family reconstitution is a method for studying demographic behavior in the absence of modern censuses and vital registration, providing for both observation of demographic events as well as the population and time at risk. In his dissertation, Population, Family and Society in Hingham, Massachusetts, 1635-1880 (University of California-Berkeley, 1973) Smith refers to the data as "statistical genealogy". The data were intended to be used to examine demographic patterns, family structure and social stratification in the past, and to generalize these patterns across the New England region. This dataset includes information on 1727 marriages. Variables include information about birth, death, marriage, fertility and wealth of husbands and wives, their parents and children. Naming practices are also represented in the data. There are no direct observations of children, but rather summary-type measures of characteristics of children and the couple's fertility history. A variable indicating the quality of the reconstitution is included. However, the meaning of the variable values has been lost.

A Data Guide for this study is available as a web page and for download. The India Human Development Survey 2005 (IHDS) is a nationally representative, multi-topic survey of 41,554 households in 1,503 villages and 971 urban neighborhoods across India. Two one-hour interviews in each household covered topics concerning health, education, employment, economic status, marriage, fertility, gender relations, and social capital. Children aged 8-11 completed short reading, writing and arithmetic tests. Additional village, school, and medical facility interviews are also available.

A Data Guide for this study is available as a web page and for download. The India Human Development Survey-II (IHDS-II), 2011-12 is a nationally representative, multi-topic survey of 42,152 households in 1,503 villages and 971 urban neighborhoods across India. These data are mostly re-interviews of households interviewed for IHDS-I (ICPSR 22626) in 2004-05. Two one-hour interviews in each household covered topics concerning health, education, employment, economic status, marriage, fertility, gender relations, social capital, village infrastructure, wage levels, and panchayat composition. Children aged 8-11 completed short reading, writing and arithmetic tests. The IHDS-II data are assembled in fourteen datasets: Individual Household Eligible Women Birth History Medical Staff Medical Facilities Non Resident School Staff School Facilities Wage and Salary Tracking Village Village Panchayat Village Respondent

The India Human Development Survey (IHDS) is a nationally representative, multi-topic survey of 42,152 households in 1,503 villages and 971 urban neighborhoods across India. Data were originally collected from households during 2004-2005. Interviewers returned in 2011-2012 to re-interview these same households. During both waves of data collection, two one-hour interviews were conducted covering a large range of topics. The goal of the IHDS program is to document changes in the daily lives of Indian households in a society undergoing rapid transition. This particular data collection merges the two waves of IHDS (known as IHDS and IHDS-II) into a harmonized pattern from the perspective view points of individuals, households, and eligible women. The data are presented in three different data formats: cross-sectional, wide, and long to facilitate a broader range of analysis options. Due to the specificity of geography and inclusion of sensitive / identifying topics there is a public-use and restricted-use rendition for each of the nine data files.

This release of the 1993 Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-1-PR) is a revised and restructured version of the Wave 1 data. This data collection provides a broad range of economic, demographic, and health information at both the household and community levels across 13 provinces on the islands of Java, Sumatra, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi. A sample of 7,224 households was interviewed during August 1993 through January 1994. Household-level data cover topics such as household characteristics, income, education of both adults and children, marriage histories, inter-household transfers, pregnancy history, and knowledge and use of contraceptives. At the community-facility level, information was gathered from village leaders and heads of village women's groups in each of the 321 enumeration areas (EAs) where the households were located. Questions were asked regarding community characteristics (transportation, water and sanitation, history of schools, and availability of health facilities), nurses, midwives, and paramedics (facility management and family planning history, vignettes on types of care), and traditional health practitioners (buying or making herbal medicines or using services of traditional practitioners, rituals, and incantations). When the household data are combined with the community-facility data, the 1993 Indonesian Family Life Survey provides a unique look at areas of fertility, family planning, infant and child health, education, migration, employment, and the social, economic, and health status of over 7,000 households in a diverse setting during a period of rapid demographic and socioeconomic change. As of June 2015, there are four waves of data for the IFLS. However, a fifth wave of data collection has begun. Please see the IFLS Web site for more information on how to obtain these data.

The Integrated Fertility Survey Series (IFSS) integrates data from ten underlying component studies of family and fertility: the Growth of American Families studies of 1955 and 1960; the National Survey of Fertility of 1965 and 1970; and the National Surveys of Family Growth of 1973, 1976, 1982, 1988, 1995, and 2002. The first release contains harmonized sociodemographic variables for all respondents from all ten component studies, including those related to marital status, race and ethnicity, education, income, migration, religion, and region of origin, among others. The second release adds harmonized husband/partner sociodemographic variables as well as harmonized union history variables. The third release adds harmonized pregnancy, adoption, non-biological children, and menstruation variables. The fourth release adds harmonized fertility variables. The fifth release includes the addition of the pregnancy interval file. This file contains 217,128 pregnancy records with information pertaining to the pregnancies of all respondents. The sixth release adds comparative sample variables to the respondent and pregnancy interval files, and includes the addition of the contraceptive calendar file. This file contains 53,317 records with information pertaining to type and frequency of contraceptive use. The seventh release includes additional variables related to contraceptive knowledge, contraceptive use, birth control and family planning services, sexual history, infertility, and sterilizing operations. It also adds sociodemographic and union history variables. Imputed data through the third release are also included. Additional information about the Integrated Fertility Survey Series can be found on the IFSS Web site.

This website contains information as well as data and documentation files relating to the historical censuses of the United States that make up the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) disseminated through the Minnesota Population Center at the University of Minnesota. Drawn from original census enumeration forms, the data collections in this series include samples of the American population taken from the censuses of 1850 to 1990 (excluding 1890 and 1930). Data files comprise both individual and household records and include information on a broad range of population characteristics, including fertility, nuptiality, life-course transitions, immigration, internal migration, labor-force participation, occupational structure, education, ethnicity, and household composition. Also available is IPUMS-International, a preliminary database describing 48 million persons in six countries: Colombia, France, Kenya, Mexico, United States, and Vietnam. Information about the IPUMS-International samples and variables, and other supporting documentation, are available on the IPUMS website, but researchers must apply for access to the data.

The International Data Base (IDB) is a computerized data bank containing statistical tables of demographic and socioeconomic data for many of the countries and areas of the world. The IDB was created in the United States Census Bureau's International Programs Center (IPC) and provides quick access to specialized information, with emphasis on demographic measures, for individual countries or selected groups of countries. The IDB combines data from country sources (especially censuses and surveys) with IPC's estimates and projections to provide information dating back as far as 1950 and as far ahead as 2050. The major types of data available in the IDB include: population by age and sex, vital rates, infant mortality, life tables, fertility and child survivorship, migration, marital status, family planning, ethnicity, religion, language, literacy, labor force, employment, income, and households.

The 2000 National Survey on Family and Economic Conditions (NSFEC) was collected by the Keio University Center of Excellence (COE) program. It is a national, two-stage stratified probability sample of Japanese men and women aged 20-49. The survey focused on aspects of early life course such as educational objectives and employment, as well as marriage, family life, child rearing, household management, and gender roles.